Англійські тексти для переказів (10 текстів)

1.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. The visit of an unknown man.
2. The talk.
3. The decision to find out about the neighbour's business.
4. Visitor's successful attempt to find out my income.
Key Words:
The first visitor; branch of business; particular; to appear ignorant; his customers; we began talking; presence of mind; to find out all about his business; my lecturing money; income from; nearly; any mistake.
A Mysterious Visit
After Mark Twain
The first visitor that came to see me was a gentleman who said he was an assessor, and connected with the U.S. Internal Revenue Department1.1 said
1 had never heard of his branch of business before, but I was very glad to see him. Would he sit down? He sat down. I did not know anything particular to say, and I asked him if he was opening his shop in our neighbourhood.
He said he was. (I did not wish to appear ignorant, but I hoped he would say what he was going to sell.)
I asked him, "How was trade?" And he said, "So-so".
I then said we would visit him and become his customers.
He said he thought we would like his establishment.
I do not know how it happened, but we began talking.
We talked, and talked, and talked — and we laughed, and laughed, and laughed. But all the time I had my presence of mind about me. I decided to find out all about his business — and thought I would have it out of him without his suspecting what I wanted. I would tell him all about my own business, and he would naturally forget himself, and tell me all about his affairs. I said:
"Now you never would guess what I made lecturing this winter and last spring?"
"No — I could not. Say seventeen hundred, maybe?"
"Ha! I knew you couldn't! My lecturing money for last spring and this winter were fourteen thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars.
"Why, it is amazing — perfectly amazing, even this wasn't all?"
"All! Why, bless you2, there was my income from the newspaper for four months eight thousand dollars, for example?"
"Eight thousand! I'll make a note of it".
"There's my book, The Innocents Abroad — price from $3.50 to $5. Listen to me. During the last four months and a half, we've sold ninety-five thousand copies of that book. Average four dollars a copy. It's nearly four hundred thousand dollars, my son. I get half".
"My God! Fourteen — seven — fifty — eight — two thousand".
"Possible! If there's any mistake it's the other way.3 Two hundred and fourteen thousand, cash, is my income for this year if I know arithmetic".
Proper names:
Mark Twain [ ] — Марк Твен
Commentary:
1 the U.S. Internal Revenue Department — департамент податків і зборів США
2 bless you —нехай йому чорт
3 If there's any mistake it's the other way.— Якщо є помилка, то інша справа.
2.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. The electronic toys for children and grown-ups.
2. The influence of video games.
3. Types of games.
4. The process of making such games.
5. Time and money needed for making games.
Keywords:
At least; dangerous enemies; the electronic toys; space settings; prehistoric scenes; realistic situations; stimulate imagination; the idea for the story; to create; scroll horizontally; vertically; all in all.
Video Games
Everybody's tried them at least once. Sitting in front of a screen you can make cars go very fast or move strange little green men about as they escape from dangerous enemies.
You do it with video games, the electronic toys which are loved by young people and grown-ups alike. Some people prefer space settings, others prehistoric scenes or realistic situations in the present.
But excessive use of these screens can be bad for your health.
So, video games can be bad for you if you don't limit the time you spend in front of the screen. There are also educational video games. These can stimulate imagination or help with the study of history, geography and natural sciences.
Do you want to make a video game? If you like video games, you should know just how difficult it is to make one. Dan Harriett, of Acclaim Entertainment Inc., in New York, explains the process.
"Basically, it's like making a film. You start with the idea for the story. Then you have to create a storyboard. It includes all the different levels, the characters, the weapons. The storyboard also specifies if it's a first- or third-person game, and if the game will be horizontal or vertical, that is, if the image will scroll horizontally or vertically — or both. Then you are ready to start programming.
There are a lot of people involved1 in the programming process. When they think they have something that looks good, the editing process begins. Editing is a long process. There are many versions, before the editors feel like they have a playable one. "Then the game is given to the game analysts. Their job is to find all the mistakes". All in all, the process usually takes about 12—18 months. The total investment2, including development, programming and marketing, can be about 50—60 million dollars. But nowadays video games are more profitable than movies. "Mortal Combat", for example, recouped its $50-million dollar investment in one week. For the movie it probably took months, or more.
Proper names:
Dan Harriett [ ] — Ден Херриет
Commentary:
1involved [ ] — зайнятий, залучений
2investment [ ] — капіталовкладення, витрати
3.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. A fur jacket in the shop window.
2. Hortense admires the jacket.
3. What happened next day.
Key Words:
Walking along; the shopping section of the city; a fur jacket of beaver; such an individual way; physical charm; took her friend by the arm; decided immediately; trading value; no idea; to purchase; a real beauty.
A Fur Jacket
After "An American Tragedy" by Theodore Dreiser
One day Hortense, walking along Baltimore Street near its junction with Fifteenth Street — the smartest portion of the shopping section of the city — at the noon hour — with Doris, another shop-girl in her department store, saw in the window of one of the smaller and less exclusive fur stores of the city, a fur jacket of beaver that to her was exactly what she needed to strengthen mightily her very limited personal wardrobe. It was not such an expensive coat, worth possibly a hundred dollars — but fashioned in such an individual way as to make her imagine that, once invested with it, her physical charm would show more than it even had.
Moved by this thought, she paused and exclaimed: "Oh, isn't that just classiest, darlingest little coat you ever saw! Oh, look at those sleeves, Doris". She took her friend by the arm. "Look at the collar. And the lining! And those pockets! Oh, dear!" She was trembling with intensity of her approval and delight. "Oh, isn't that just too sweet for words?1 And the very kind of coat I've been thinking of since I don't know when!" she exclaimed. "Oh, if I could only have it".
She clapped her hands admiringly, while Isadore Rubinstein, the elderly son of the proprietor, who was standing somewhat out of the range of her gaze2 at the moment, noted the gesture and her enthusiasm and decided immediately that the coat must be worth at least twenty-five or fifty dollars more to her, any how, in case she asked for it. The firm had been offering it at one hundred. He thought to himself about the probable trading value of such a coat. What would such a poor, vain and pretty girl pay for this coat?
Meanwhile, however, Hortense, having stared as long as her lunch-hour would permit, had gone away still dreaming how she would look in such a coat. But she had not stopped to ask the price. The next day, feeling that she must look at it once more, she returned, only this time alone, and yet with no idea of being able to purchase it herself. But seeing the coat once more, she finally came in.
"You like the coat, eh?" were Rubinstein's words as she opened the door. "Well, that shows you have good taste, I'll say. That's one of the nobbiest little coats we've ever had to show in this store yet. A real beauty, that. And how it would look on such a beautiful girl as you!" He took it out of the window and held it up.
Proper names:
Theodore [ ] — Теодор Doris [ ] — Доріс
Dreiser [ ] — Драйзер Isadore [ ] — Ізадор
Hortense [ ] — Гортензія Rubinstein [ ] —
Baltimore [ ] — Балтімор Рубинштейн
Commentary:
1Oh, isn't that just too sweet for words? — О, хіба можна його описати словами?
2 who was standing somewhat out of the range of her gaze — який стояв трохи осторонь і не потрапляв у її поле зору.
4.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. Being rich and famous.
2. The necessity of looking perfect.
3. Celebrities' sacrifice.
4. They have nobody to trust.
5. Danger of the wrong kind of attention.
Key Words:
Rich and famous; disadvantages; to look perfect; sacrifice; personal problems; worry constantly; worry about; sell their stories; the popular press.
The Price Of Fame
Have you ever dreamed of being rich and famous? You might change your mind if you considered all the disadvantages of being famous.
For one thing, celebrities have to look perfect all the time. There's always a photographer ready to take an unflattering1 picture of a famous person.
Celebrities also sacrifice2 their private lives. They are followed by the paparazzi wherever they go. Their personal problems, divorces, or family tragedies all end up as front-page news.
They worry constantly about their reputation. Actors may lose their popularity, singers may lose their voices, athletes may be injured3...
Do you think it's fair?
The rich and famous worry about money too. Sometimes they don't know what to do with it.
It's difficult for famous people to know who to trust. Ex-lovers may sell their stories to the newspapers. Their accountants or impresarios may be secretly cheating4 them... The paparazzi sell photos of the rich and famous to the popular press. And paparazzi can make a fortune on those pictures. But for the celebrities these photos are an invasion of privacy.
Do you think a special law should be introduced to protect the celebrities?
Famous people can never be sure whether people like them for themselves or because they are famous. It's difficult for them to make true friends.
Furthermore5, celebrities are in constant danger of the wrong kind of attention. Threatening letters and even physical attacks from crazy fans are not unusual things in their lives. So many of them suffer nervous breakdowns or drug and alcohol problems.
Many celebrities say that their lives are far from being happy. As Fred Alan once said, "A celebrity6 is someone who works hard all his life to be known, then wears dark glasses to avoid being recognized".
Commentary:
1 unflattering — невиграшний
4 to cheat — обдурювати, дурити,
2 to sacrifice — жертвувати обманювати
3 to be injured — отримати травму, каліцтво
5 furthermore — більш того
6 celebrity — знаменитість
5.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. Tattooing.
2. Body art in Indian tribes.
3. Tattooing in non-Western-cultures.
4. The reasons to use body art.
5. The ways to alter the body appearance.
Key Words:
Vary dramatically; example of tattooing; elaborate patterns; a decline in this custom; practice is found; saucer-like discs; common; on the contrary; to rebel against society; tattoos in foreign languages; fashionable with men; a mark of social status; on the contrary; to rebel against society; tattoos in foreign languages; fashionable with men; a mark of social status; a means of; decoration; to stand out from the crowd; appearance; under the skin.
Body Art
By Rosie Miner
Tattooing can be found all over the world, though its style and its meaning vary dramatically. Tattooing has long featured in the cultures of the Japanese, Polynesians and Native Americans. The practices of the Maoris of New Zealand provide striking example of tattooing. They are well-known for the elaborate patterns with which they traditionally decorated their faces. Integration with white settlers led to a decline1 in this custom, but it is now regaining popularity amongst young Maoris.
Native American Indians are known to have pierced the lower lip, and today this practice is found in tribes across Africa and South America. The Sam tribe of central Africa, for example, traditionally pierce and then stretch their lips with saucer-like discs. Nose piercing is common in India, South America and Africa, as is ear piercing.
In non-Western-cultures, tattooing and piercing have recently declined, as these societies try to "catch up" with the West. On the contrary, in the West their popularity is ever increasing. Until recently, body art in our culture was mainly found in groups such as sailors and convicts, or those wanting to rebel against society, like the punks of the 1970s. Over the last decade body art has moved into the mainstream and it is increasingly socially acceptable.
Almost every part of the body can be pierced or tattooed. In the West facial piercing is popular (especially through the eyebrow, lip, and tongue), as are navel piercing. David Beckham, the famous British footballer, recently sparked craze for tattoos in foreign languages when he had his wife's name, Victoria, tattooed on his forearm2 in Hindi Polynesia style. Tattoos of large swirling blocks of colour are currently fashionable with men; while women still tend to favour smaller, less visible tattoos.
People use body art for a range of reasons. In the past tattoos have been used as a mark of social status, to ward off3 demons and ill health. They have also been used as a means of identifying and punishing convicts, slaves and outcasts4. However, these days most people use body art simply as decoration.
As tattooing and piercing become increasingly common however, some people are resorting5 to more extreme methods of body modification to stand out from the crowd. "Body branding"6, for example, is a dramatic (and dangerous) practice which is gaining in popularity. It involves searing the skin with red-hot metal, in some shape or pattern, to leave a permanent scar.
Implanting is another extreme way in which people alter7 their body's appearance . Somewhat similar to body piercing, it involves the painful insertion of metal objects under the skin. One example of implanting is the insertion of horn shaped objects under the skin of the forehead, giving a "devil-like" appearance.
Commentary:
1 to decline — зменшувати 2 forearm — передпліччя
3 to ward off — відвертати 4 outcast — вигнанець
5 to resort — звертатися 6 body brand — тавро
7 to alter — міняти, змінювати
6.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. Unusual deductive abilities of a famous Edinburgh surgeon.
2. The influence of Joseph Bell on a young A. Conan Doyle.
3. Dr Bell's help to police.
4. The way to change our world.
Key Words:
A famous Edinburgh surgeon; unusual deductive abilities; observe; rapid observation; means of living; hand in hand with; complicated crimes; the character; a scientific detective; popularized his ideas; the world of bore-dom; adventure; the power of observation; keep our eyes open.
Did Sherlock Holmes Exist?
One evening, about the turn of the last century, several guests sat around a dinner table discussing famous murders and unsolved crimes. One of the guests, Dr Joseph Bell, a famous Edinburgh surgeon and university professor, surprised the others with his unusual deductive abilities.
"The trouble with most people", he said, "is that they see, but do not observe. Any really good detective ought to be able to tell, before a stranger has sat down, his occupation, habits, and past history through rapid observation and deduction. Glance at a man and you find his nationality written on his face, his means of living on his hands, and the rest of the story in his gait1, manners, tattoo marks, and clothes".
One of the guests remarked, "Why, Dr Bell might almost be Sherlock Hol"My dear sir, I am Sherlock Holmes", Dr Bell said. Dr Bell was not joking. He was, indeed, the original Sherlock Holmes, the prototype for the famous Conan Doyle's creation. As you might know, Arthur Conan Doyle studied to be a doctor at the University of Edinburgh. While at University, Doyle was greatly influenced by Joseph Bell, one of his professors.
Dr Bell was famous for his keen2 powers of observation3 and deduction. He could diagnose4 a patient's disease just by observing him.
Dr Bell's lectures always filled the hall. The students admired him and thought him a magician. Bell never failed to surprise them.
Dr Bell's detecting genius was known to the police. He worked hand in hand with Sir Henry Littlejohn, Edinburgh police surgeon, and helped to solve sev-eral complicated crimes. When Arthur Conan Doyle decided to write his first detective story he remembered Dr Bell. He called him Sherlock Holmes.
"It is most certainly to you that I owe Sherlock Holmes". A. Conan Doyle wrote to Dr Bell in May, 1892. Thirty-two years later Doyle publicly admitted that he had based the character of Holmes on Joseph Bell. "I used and amplified his methods when I tried to build up a scientific detective", he wrote.
Dr Bell liked A. Conan Doyle's detective stories that popularized his ideas. In Bell's opinion, every man can change the world of boredom into the world of excitement and adventure by developing the power of observation. Like Sherlock Holmes, we will be able to detect from a roan's hat that his wife does not love him, from a man's cane that he is afraid of being murdered, from a man's pipe that he is left-handed and careless.
There may be much more in our life if we keep our eyes open.
Commentary:
1 gait [ ] — хода
2 keen ] — загострений, гострий
3 powers of observation — спостережливість
4 to diagnose [ ] — ставити діагноз
7.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. Guess who this man is.
2. The childhood of Steven Spielberg.
3. The films he made.
4. The source of his inspiration.
5. Making of "Jaws".
6. "Jurassic Park" is not a science fiction, it's a scientific possibility.
Key Words:
Fight with sharks; all-powerful wizard; magician; scream with laughter; shiver with horror; early childhood; shooting; he won a contest; local cinema; the biggest hit; great projects; financially successful; source of inspiration; to spend time; reputation; was afraid of everything; remains terrified; audience; ocean floor; consulted many specialists; one of the most expensive films; in the name of science.
Movie Wizard1
Guess who he is? — He is dinosaurs' father and a great friend of Roger Rabbit and E.T. He knows where Neverland is and can fight with sharks and poltergeist. — Superman? — Wrong! He is Steven Spielberg.
He seems to be the all-powerful wizard and a cinematic magician to us. His films make us scream with laughter or shiver with horror. The son of a computer scientist and a gifted pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona. He was 11 when he first got his dad's 8-millimetre camera and began shooting short flicks2&bout flying saucers and World War II battles. At the age of 13 he won a contest with his 40-minute film "Esto Nowhere". At the age of 16 he produced the movie "Firelight" and it was shown at the local cinema.
But a real success came in 1975, when Spielberg created "Jaws". That little fish tale became the biggest hit of its time. This movie opened up the doors for Spielberg to work on many more great projects. And he went on to shake Hollywood with "Close Encounters", "Raiders of the Lost Ark", "E.T." and "Jurassic Park".
Altogether his 18 films made him one of the most financially successful filmmakers.
But his talents aren't limited to the movie set. Spielberg has also proved to be one of Hollywood's most nimble3 entrepreneurs. His business empire includes video games, toys and even restaurants.
But what is his source of inspiration? He draws it from his 7 children, aged 3 to 24 years, who live with him (two of them are adopted4). Spielberg likes to spend time with his children. His house resembles a large playground — he keeps there 2 parrots, several snakes and a fish tank.
Ask him where he gets his ideas and he shrugs5. "The process for me is mostly intuitive", he says. "There are movies that I feel that I need to make, for a variety of reasons: for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it".
As a director, Spielberg has a reputation for coaxing6 the best performances out of everyone from small children to stars. "It's Spielberg, so you work much harder to please him", says Tom Hanks, who plays the lead role in "Saving Private Ryan".
Jaws. Why does he put this scary stuff7 into his films? Probably because in his childhood he was afraid of everything. To this day, he remains terrified of airplanes, elevators and closed-in places... The great white shark silently approaches the unsuspecting swimmer. The audience is frozen with horror... In a moment those huge teeth will snap shut and pull the victim under waves! By the way, when the shark was built, it was never water tested, so when it was put in the water, it sank straight to the ocean floor. It took a team of divto take it out!
Jurassic Park. Spielberg consulted many specialists and reconstructed the dinosaurs to perfection. The biggest is the Tyrannosaurus Rex. It's 7 metres high, weighs 1,500 kilos and is set in motion by computer. Because of Spielerg's perfectionism, this is one of the most expensive films in the history of cinema (it cost more than 70 million dollars).
"This isn't science fiction", Spielberg says, "it's a scientific possibility. Today science can do extraordinary things. But we know how many terrible things have been done in the name of science. And this film helps us to rememthis".
Proper names:
Steven Spielberg — Стівен Спилберг "Jaws" — «Щелепи»
"Jurassic Park" — «Парк юрського періоду»
Commentary:
1 wizard — чарівник 2 to shoot a flick —знімати фільм
3nimble — спритний, моторний 4 to adopt (a child) — усиновлювати
5 to shrug — знизувати (плечима) 6 to coax — домагатися
7 scary stuff — страхи, жахи


8.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. Everybody describes his malady.
2. The visit to the British Museum library.
3. The diseases I had.
4. An interesting case from a medical point of view.
Key Words:
Bad from a medical point of view; quite nervous; extraordinary; out of or-der; symptoms; the treatment; an unthinking moment; generally; frozen with horror; in despair; to get interested; the acute stage; complications; a hospital in myself.
My Maladies
After "Three Men in a Boat" by Jerome K. Jerome
There were four of us — George, and William Harris, and myself, and Montmorency. We were sitting in my room, smoking, and talking about how bad we were — bad from a medical point of view, I mean, of course,
We were all feeling unwell, and we were quite nervous about it. Harris said he felt such extraordinary fits of giddiness come over him at times, that he hardly knew what he was doing; and then George said that he had fits of giddiness too, and hardly knew what he was doing. As for me, I knew it was my liver that was out of order1, because I had j ust been reading a patent liver-pill advertisement2, in which were detailed the various symptoms by which a man could tell when his liver was out of order. I had them all. I remember going to the British Museum library one day to read up the treatment for some slight ailment — hay fever, I think it was. I took the book and read all about it; and then, in an unthinking moment3, I idly turned the leaves and began to study diseases generally. I forgot which was the first, but before I had glanced half down the list of "premonitory symp4, I was sure that I had got it. I sat for a while frozen with horror5; and then in despair, I again turned over the pages. I came to typhoid fever — read the symptoms — discovered that I had typhoid fever; turned up St Vitus's Dance6 — found, as I expected, that I had that too — began to get interested in my case, so started alphabetically and learned that I was sickening for it, and that the acute stage would start in about a fortnight. Bright's disease7, I was glad to find, I had only in a modified form and, as for that, I might live for years. Cholera I had, with severe complications; and diphtheria I seemed to have been born with. I looked through the twenty-six letters, and the only malady I had not got was housemaid's knee8.I had every other known malady in the pharmacology. I sat and thought. I thought what an interesting case I must be from a medical point of view. Students would have no need to "walk the hospitals" if they had me. I was a hospital m myself. All they need do would be to walk round me, and, after that, take their diploma.
Proper names:
Jerome [ ] — Джером
George [ ] — Джордж
William Harris [ ] — Вільям-Харріс
Montmorency [ ] — Монтморенсі
Commentary:
1 out of order — негаразд
2 patent liver-pill advertisement — проспект-реклама патентованих пілюль від хвороби печінки
3 in an unthinking moment — машинально
4 before I had glanced half down the list of "premonitory symptoms" — до того, як я дійшов до середини переліку «ранніх симптомів»
5 frozen with horror — завмерши від жаху
6 turned up St Vitus's Dance — перейшов до хвороби «танець святого Вітта»
7 Bright's disease — Брайтова хвороба
8 housemaid's knee — запалення сумки надколінка
9.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. The way to expand business.
2. The advertisement of new business propositions.
3. The necessity to have an article published in the newspaper.
4. A real modern banker.
Key Words:
Approval; the board of directors; expand business; interest; attractive terms; massive advertising campaign; the righteousness of savings; new account; value; attracted most attention; modern bankers; executive; fashionable.
The Money Shops
After "The Moneychangers" by Arthur Halley
In the four and a half months since approval of his plan by the board of direcof First Mercantile American Bank (FMA), Alex Vandervoort had moved swiftly. Methods by which, according to the executive vice-president's plan, FMA could expand business were — a higher savings interest rate, to the top legal limit; more attractive terms for one-to-five year certificates of deposit1; checking facilities for savings depositors as far as banking law allowed; gifts for those who opened new accounts; a massive advertising campaign describing the savings programme and the nine new branches.
Now, in early August, double-page newspaper advertisements2 proclaimed the righteousness of savings in FMA. They also showed locations of eighty bank branches in the state where gifts, coffee, and "friendly financial counselling" were available to anyone who opened a new account. The value of a gift depended on the size of the initial deposit, and involved an agreement not to disturb it for a stated time. There were also announcements on TV and radio.
As to the nine new branches — "our money shops", as Alex called them — two were opened in the last week of July, three more in the first days of August, and the remaining four would be in business before September. Since all were in rented premises, which involved conversion instead of construction, speed had been possible here too.
It was the money shops, which attracted most attention. A reporter was assigned to cover the new branch openings and made a good story.
"When you think of modern bankers [the reporter later wrote] — don't think of solemn, cautious functionaries in traditional dark blue suits and saying "no". Think, instead, of Alexander Vandervoort".
Mr Vandervoort, who's an executive at our own First Mercantile American Bank, first of all doesn't look like a banker. His suits are fashionable, and when loans are negotiated, especially small loans, he — with rare exceptions — says "yes". But he also believes in thrift and says most of us aren't being as wise about money as our parents and grandparents.
Proper names:
Arthur [ ] — Артур Alex [ ] — Алекс
Hailey [ ] — Хейлі Vandervoort [ ] — Вандерворт
Commentary:
1 for one-to-five year certificates of deposit — для депозитних (вкладних) сертифікатів на термін від одного до п'яти років
2 double-page newspaper advertisements — рекламна об'ява на двох сторінках газети
10.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
Plan
1. Umbrella as a typical feature of every Englishman.
2. The weather in England.
3. Heavy London fogs.
4. What the "smog" is.
Keywords:
Good luck with the weather; the conversational topic; an increasing demand; enduring; is occasionally enveloped; jammed with; to take the underground; to be abandoned; particularly; a mixture of smoke and fog.
The English and the weather
The weather in England explains much about the English. The umbrella is carried even if it does not rain, for good luck with the weather. The well-dressed man-about-town in England always carries his umbrella tightly rolled. If it rains he takes a taxi in which he finds his refuge1, with his umbrella still tightly rolled. To many English people the word "weather" means "good weather". Seaside landladies say, during a season of rain: "Not having much weather, are we?"
The weather in England, wet, dry, hot, cold, tropical or arctic, is the conversatopic for all classes of English society.
The weather has given a start for many of the largest English manufacturing business. Apart from umbrellas, there is an increasing demand for burberries, plastic coverings, gumboots etc.
The uncertainty of the weather has made the English patient, enduring and wary. Because of its geographical position in a deep river valley London is occaenveloped by unusually thick fog. The worst of these fogs began on the 4th of December, 1952 and there was a similar one in December, 1962. The streets near the centre of London were jammed with buses crawling along at two miles per hour. People who usually travelled by road decided to take the underground. People caught in the fog literally felt their way with one hand along the walls of buildings, holding the other out before them to avoid colliding2 with other people.
At Covent Garden Theatre a performance of La Traviata had to be abandoned after the first act because so much fog had penetrated into the building that the audience could no longer see the singers clearly. It was a terrible fog that caused the death of some 4,000 people in London.
As a matter of fact, this "deadly" kind of fog is called by Londoners "smog". It is the kind of fog you get only in towns — particularly in the industrial areas. It is a mixture of smoke and fog together, and it is dangerous and deadly espefor people who are suffering from any kind of respiratory troubles. In the big towns and cities you get very much smoke, it is more concentrated because it doesn't come from household chimneys only, but from all the factories too. Even ordinary fog is pretty nasty.
Proper names:
La Traviata — «Травіата» (назва опери)
Commentary:
1 refuge — убежище
2 to avoid colliding — избежать столкновения
Білет № 1
1.1. Уявіть собі, що Ви проживаєте в одній кімнаті з іноземним студентом/ студенткою під час навчання на мовних курсах. Він/вона цікавиться Вашими сімейними традиціями. Розкажіть:
1) про склад і вік членів своєї сім'ї, сімейні традиції;
2) поцікавтесь сімейними традиціями свого знайомого;
3) висловіть думку про те, що спільного та у чому відмінність у традиціях Ваших сімей.
1.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
1.3. Уявіть собі, що Ви берете участь у Міжнародній конференції, де обговорюється вплив молодіжної музики на стиль життя підлітків. Напишіть короткий текст свого виступу.
Білет № 2
2.1. Ви щойно повернулися із першого заняття на мовних курсах у країні, мова якої вивчається. Ви розмовляєте зі своїм сусідом по кімнаті про заняття і про вчителя:
1) розкажіть, якою була тема першого заняття;
2) опишіть своє перше враження про клас та учнів;
3) опишіть свого вчителя та види діяльності на уроці.
2.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
2.3. Уявіть собі, що Ви на мовних курсах у країні, мову якої вивчаєте. Напишіть коротке повідомлення про важливість вивчення іноземних мов
Білет № З
3.1. Уявіть собі, що під час Вашого перебування у країні, мову якої Ви вивчаєте, Вам потрібно розповісти про кліматичні умови України. Розкажіть про:
1) особливості кліматичних умов України;
2) відмінності клімату України і країни, у якій Ви перебуваєте;
3) переваги кліматичних умов обох країн.
3.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
3.3. Уявіть собі, що під час Вашого перебування у країні, мову якої Ви вивчаєте, Вас запросили у театр. Напишіть коротенького листа своєму другові про цю подію.
Білет № 4
4.1. Уявіть собі, що під час Вашого перебування у країні, мову якої Ви вивчаєте, Вам потрібно було купити у книжковому магазині словник. Розкажіть своїм товаришам про те, як:
1) Ви просили допомоги у пошуку секції довідникової літератури;
2) хто і як Вам допоміг;
3) про специфіку продажу книжкової продукції.
4.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
4.3. Підлітки до 18 років вимагають надання їм права на отримання прав водія. Напишіть, як Ви до цього ставитесь.
Білет № 5
5.1. До Вашого класу прийшов новий учень, який проживав у іншій країні. Розкажіть йому:
1) основні відомості про Україну;
2) поцікавтесь особливостями країни, з якої він прибув;
3) дайте коротку характеристику культурного життя України.
5.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
5.3. Напишіть коротке оголошення в газету про зустріч випускників школи.
Білет № 6
6.1. Ви відвідували цикл лекцій щодо здорового способу життя. Ви розповідаєте своєму товаришу про це в телефонній розмові:
1) проінформуйте його, про що були лекції і хто їх проводив, коли і де вони відбувалися;
2) висловіть свою думку щодо основних моментів цих зустрічей;
3) скажіть, чи згодні Ви з порадами і чи збираєтесь їх виконувати.
6.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст
6.3. Напишіть поради, як краще вивчати іноземну мову
Білет № 7
7.1. Уявіть собі, що Ви берете участь у Міжнародній конференції з питань захисту навколишнього середовища. Проінформуйте учасників про:
1) проблеми, породжені забрудненням навколишнього середовища в Україні;
2) поцікавтесь, як з цими проблемами справляються в інших країнах;
3) вкажіть на важливість захисту навколишнього середовища.
7.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
7.3. Напишіть стислу інструкцію про правила безпечної поведінки на вулиці та у громадських місцях.
Білет № 8
8.1. Ваші батьки мають намір здати квартиру/ дім іноземцю. Дайте йому таку інформацію:
1) у якій частині міста/села розташоване помешкання;
2) на якому поверсі знаходиться, скільки у ньому кімнат і їх умеблювання;
3) умови оплати.
8.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
8.3. Напишіть своєму однокласнику про телефонний дзвінок від Вашого спільного знайомого з приводу святкування його дня народження.
Білет № 9
9.1. Вас попросили підготувати реферат про відомого письменника з країни, мову якої Ви вивчаєте. Розкажіть своїм товаришам про:
1) найбільш цікаві (з Вашої точки зору) періоди життя цього письменника;
2) проінформуйте про місце письменника у світовій літературі;
3) коротко проінформуйте про найвідоміші твори письменника.
9.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
9.3. Напишіть рецепт Вашої улюбленої страви.
Білет № 10
10.1. Розкажіть Вашому приятелеві про свою нещодавню подорож до країни, мову якої Ви вивчаєте:
1) як Ви доїхали до місця Вашого призначення, яким транспортом Ви користувались;
2) як довго Ви там перебували та якою була мета подорожі;
3) Ваші враження від подорожі.
10.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
10.3. Дайте у письмовій формі анонс своєї улюбленої передачі.
Білет № 11
11.1. Ви зустріли свого сусіда, який вступив до університету.
1) Розкажіть йому про свої плани на майбутнє;
2) розпитайте про його майбутню спеціальність;
3) обґрунтуйте прийняття свого вибору.
11.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
11.3. Напишіть вітальну листівку своєму товаришеві з приводу його дня народження.
Білет № 12
12.1. Уявіть собі, що Вас запросили на конференцію з питань здорового способу життя. Розкажіть своїм товаришам про:
1) систему охорони здоров'я у своїй країні;
2) те, як Ви розумієте поняття "здоровий спосіб життя";
3) переваги здорового способу життя.
12.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
12.3. Напишіть стислого листа про враження від прочитаної книги.
Білет № 13
13.1. Уявіть собі, що Ви їдете на запрошення свого друга до країни, мову якої вивчаєте. Поцікавтесь про:
1) традиції святкування у цій країні;
2) основні свята;
3) висловіть надію, що Вам буде весело та цікаво.
13.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
13.3. Напишіть оголошення про засідання гуртка юних математиків. Вкажіть місце і час проведення.
Білет № 14
14.1. До Вас приїхали друзі з іншого міста. В той же самий час Ваш близький друг запрошує Вас поїхати разом з ним на відпочинок на декілька днів:
1) поясніть йому ситуацію, чому Ви не можете прийняти його запрошення;
2) запросіть його провести цей час разом з Вами і Вашими знайомими;
3) розкажіть йому про ті місця, які Ви збираєтеся показати своїм друзям у Вашому рідному місті.
14.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
14.3. Ви зателефонували своему другу, якого не виявилося дома. Залиште йому повідомлення про те, що ви хотіли з'ясувати.
Білет № 15
15.1. В одному з періодичних видань країни, мова якої вивчається, Ви прочитали статтю про ліквідацію зоопарків у великих містах. Ви розмовляєте зі своїми друзями:
1) розкажіть їм про прочитане, скажіть, який був заголовок статті;
2) висловіть свої думки на цю тему, вказуючи аргументи за і проти;
3) поцікавтеся думкою своїх товаришів з приводу прочитаного.
15.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
15.3. Напишіть стисле повідомлення своєму молодшому братові про те, що Ви затримуєтесь, причини затримки і приблизний час, коли Вас чекати дома.
Білет № 16
16.1. На сьогодні Ви мали написати роботу, але за певних обставин не змогли цього зробити. Ви розмовляєте з вчителем:
1) проінформуйте про ситуацію, що склалася;
2) поясніть, чому Ви не виконали завдання;
3) скажіть, у який термін Ви зможете його підготувати.
16.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
16.3. У міському транспорті Ви мимоволі стали свідком розмови батьків про проблеми у вихованні дітей. Запишіть думки з цього приводу.
Білет № 17
17.1. Уявіть собі, що Ви берете участь у Міжнародній конференції, присвяченій забезпеченню політичної стабільності у країнах Європи. Розкажіть про:
1) політичний устрій України;
2) відмінність політичного устрою України від країни, мову якої Ви вивчаєте.
17.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
17.3. Уявіть собі, що Ви на мовних курсах у країні, мову якої вивчаєте. Напишіть коротке повідомлення своєму товаришеві про додаткові заняття, які Вам запропонував вчитель. Розкажіть про них і висловіть надію, що ви з ним там зустрінетесь.
Білет № 18
18.1. Уявіть собі, що Ви маєте 5 годин вільного часу у чужому місті, у туристичному агентстві. Запитайте про:
1) визначні місця;
2) недороге кафе з типовим місцевим меню;
3) попросіть зробити помітки на карті.
18.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
18.3. Уявіть собі, що Ви берете участь у Міжнародній конференції, де обговорюється вплив молодіжної музики на стиль життя підлітків. Напишіть короткий текст свого виступу.
Білет № 19
19.1. Ви хочете поїхати на навчання до іншої країни. Ви зустрічаєтесь зі своїм ровесником, який проживає там. Запитайте його про:
1) систему освіти цієї країни;
2) можливості отримання вищої освіти;
3) про умови навчання.
19.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
19.3. Уявіть собі, що Ви виступаєте на конференції, присвяченій здоровому способу життя. Напишіть коротке повідомлення про роль здорової їжі або спорту.
Білет № 20
20.1. Ваші друзі збираються провести спортивний турнір. Обговоріть на зборах, які види спорту будуть представлені на цьому турнірі, чому ви надали перевагу саме цим, а не іншим, кого ви збираєтесь запросити на турнір.
20.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
20.3. Напишіть коротке повідомлення про те, як Ви проводите свій вільний час.
Білет №21
21.1. Уявіть собі, що Ви берете участь у роботі літнього мовного табору. Серед Вас — учасники з різних країн. Розкажіть своїм ровесникам про основні історичні пам'ятники свого міста, про місця, які варто відвідати, про найбільш цікаві, з Вашої точки зору, історичні події, які відбувались в Україні.
21.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
21.3. Напишіть стисле повідомлення в газету про проблеми, пов'язані із забрудненням навколишнього середовища.
Білет № 22
22.1. Ваш друг телефонує і запізніло вітає Вас з Днем народження. У Вас з цього приводу нещодавно була вечірка. Розкажіть йому:
1) скільки гостей прийшло, хто вони такі, де все відбувалось;
2) хто допоміг Вам все підготувати;
3) що Вам подарували.
22.2. Прочитайте та перекажіть текст.
22.3. Напишіть привітальну листівку до Різдвяних свят.

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